Even in countries where there is no single public health care system, there are a number of government jobs in health care. Then there are countries like UK, where there is a central public health care system such as NHS, which employs more than a million experts in health care. For the US, though there is no agency comparable to NHS, there are a number of governmental agencies that require health care workers, including doctors. Here I will cover all these agencies, as well as briefly touch upon NHS.
For other countries, there are corresponding government agencies that employ health care professional. For example, the Army Medical Corps will exist in almost every Army, though its name will likely be different.
UK jobs in NHS
Employing more than 1.7 employees, the National Health Service(NHS) of UK is one of the largest direct employers in the world. It has a requirement to fill all kinds of jobs, from General Practitioner, Hospital doctor including surgeons, Nurses, therapists, management, including non-healthcare jobs such as construction and catering. The website jobs.nhs.uk is the primary portal to find about any requirement by NHS for jobs in healthcare.